« Happy Thanksgiving | Main | 10 + Michelle »
اتوار 28 نومبر 2004Sunday, November 28, 2004
Zakat for Muslims Only?
My post asking for charity recommendations elicited a few questions about Zakat (the obligatory Muslim charity). I was told that Zakat is only to be given to Muslims.
I had heard something like that before, but I decided to look it up this time around as I couldn’t understand any reason for such a prohibition. Interestingly and expectedly, I found nothing in the Quran which could be construed as a prohibition on giving Zakat to non-Muslims. Here are the only relevant Quranic verses I found.
Quran 2:273: (Charity is) for those in need, who, in Allah’s cause are restricted (from travel), and cannot move about in the land, seeking (For trade or work): the ignorant man thinks, because of their modesty, that they are free from want. Thou shalt know them by their (Unfailing) mark: They beg not importunately from all the sundry. And whatever of good ye give, be assured Allah knoweth it well.
Quran 9:60: Alms are for the poor and the needy, and those employed to administer the (funds); for those whose hearts have been (recently) reconciled (to Truth); for those in bondage and in debt; in the cause of Allah; and for the wayfarer: (thus is it) ordained by Allah, and Allah is full of knowledge and wisdom.
I also didn’t find anything in the hadith collections I searched, though it is possible I might have missed something there.
If I remember correctly, most scholars forbid giving Zakat to non-Muslims. Among the four major schools of Sunni jurisprudence, Hanbali, Shafi and Maliki scholars are in that camp. I am not so sure about Hanafis, though some online scholars forbid it.
Looking at the Salafi Islam Q&A
It is not permissible to give zakaah on one’s wealth or crops, or Zakaat al-Fitr, to kaafirs, even if they are poor, or wayfarers, or debtors, and if one who gives zakaah to them, that is not counted as zakaah.
It is permissible to give regular charity – not obligatory charity (i.e., zakaah) to poor kaafirs, and to exhange gifts and with them and treat them well to soften their hearts towards Islam, so long as they have not carried out any hostile actions against the Muslims, which would disallow that.
Another Q&A at the same site gives some more details and a somewhat torturous interpretation of a hadith. Islam Q&A also prohibits giving Zakat to the Shia.
Not to be left behind, Al-Islam.org, which is a Twelver Shia website, prohibits giving Zakat to anyone other than the Shia.
It is necessary that the person to whom Zakat is paid is a Shi’ah Ithna’ashari. If, therefore, one pays Zakat to a person under the impression that he is a Shi’ah, and it transpires later that he is not a Shi’ah, one should pay Zakat again.
Moiz Amjad provides some sanity.
If you closely observe all the heads enlisted in the Qur’an [9:60 above – ZA], you shall see that for none of these heads does the Qur’an make it essential that the person to whom these funds are given should be a Muslim. For example, the Qur’an could have easily specified that the Zaka’h funds should be spent on the poor and the needy Muslims. On the contrary, however, we see that the poor and the needy, irrespective of their religious affiliations, are eligible to receive these funds. The same is the case of more or less all the other heads.
And that is why I don’t discriminate on the basis of religion when giving Zakat.
Posted by Zack at November 28, 2004 2:29 AM in Islam and Other Religions
Advertisements
Trackback Pings
TrackBack URL for this entry:
http://www.zackvision.com/mt/zv-trbk.cgi/687
Comments
Posted by: Captain Arrrgh (145 comments) at November 29, 2004 12:30 PM
I would think the concept of charity evolved as a non-State centric ‘social security’ net. Anhyhow, it is
interesting to note that charity should be given to those “in Allah’s cause”, whereas alms can possibly be given to non-Muslims.
Now, it seems that the defintion of alms includes charity[alms: ” Money or goods given as charity to the poor.] And vice versa! [charity: “Something given to help the needy; alms”]
But that’s good old Dictionary.com.
I look forward to the differentiation provided by the Quran
Posted by: Shareen (11 comments) at November 30, 2004 2:13 AM
Captain: Some of the Muslim problem is caused by freezing of jurisprudence among at least the Sunnis for the last few centuries.
Shareen: The differentiation used by most Muslims is between charity that is required of every Muslim who can afford it (called Zakat or Zakah) and other charity. The obligatory Zakat is the one that is said to be forbidden for non-Muslims.
Posted by: Zack
(1792 comments) at November 30, 2004 11:00 PM
Paying Zakat counts like giving money to a charity society for tax exemption. It does not prohibit the person from paying the regular charity; the only thing is that it does not count as the Zakat obligation.
Posted by: Sheikh Thomas (6 comments) at December 1, 2004 5:45 AM
To keep things clear, I shall write transliteration of some important words.
As I had known all my life, neither Qur’aan nor Hadith has clearly specified that Zakaat (compulsory charity) cannot be given to a non-Muslim. To be sure I have surfed my library and reconfirmed it.
However, I recall one of my teachers had explained it in the following way:
Muslims and non-Muslims of a (Muslim) state are obliged to pay a sort of tax which is named Zakaat in case of Muslims and Jazia in case of non-Muslims.
Zakaat (compulsory tax for Muslims) is required to be paid to or spent on deserving Muslims, while Jazia (compulsory tax for non-Muslims) is required to be spent on protection (security & welfare) of non-Muslims. Meaning thereby that neither Jazia can be spent on Muslims nor Zakaat on non-Muslims. (It must be kept in mind that there was no other tax levied on people in those days).
While Sadqa (voluntary charity / donation) has no restrictions for / of payer or payee.
Further, a corollary is taken from the words “for those whose hearts have been (recently) reconciled (to Truth)”, Sura 9 (At-Tawba), Verse 60.
The argument is that a little laxity has been given for payment of Zakaat to those non-Muslims who are inclined to embrace Islam, thus, making non-Muslims, in general, ineligible for receiving Zakaat.
Posted by: Ajmal (314 comments) at December 2, 2004 6:40 AM
We, the group of young citizens of Russia, ask to render us the intellectual and financial help in the foundation of the magazine for Moslem women in Russia. We are going to create a well done class A magazine.
For details, please, visit: http://tafseer.faithweb.com/ or http://tafseer.narod.ru/
Posted by: Ildus (1 comments) at January 13, 2005 11:32 AM
HI
SIR I AM FROM PAKISTAN
HAVE A SERIOUS PROBLEM.SEVEN YEARS AGO WE
FACED A TRAGEDY. MY FATHER GOT A BIG LOSS IN
BUSINESS .HE HAS A DEBT OF 1 LAC DOLLARS.THE
PEOPLE WHO WERE DEFAULTERS DISTURBED US
MUCH.WE ARE NOW ESCAPING OURSELF FOR 2 AND A
HALF YEARS WE HAVE EVEN LEFT OUR CITY .WE ARE
VERY AFRAID OF THEM .IF THEY CAUGHT US THEN
THEY MAY KILL US.SIR THEN U TELL WHAT SHOULD WE
DO. WE ARE A FAMILY OF SIX MEMBERS. ONE OF MY
BROTHERS IS MUCHDEPRESSED THAT HE REAMAINS
QUITE. HE IS LIVINGAPART FROM HIS WIFE AND ONE
CHILD.MY FATHER IS TAKING THE TABLETS TO SHORTEN
THE DEPRESSION.SIR IF NOBODY WILL HELP US THEN
WE MAY SOCIETE .BEACAUSE NOBODY LISTN TO US AND
WE CANNOT TELL TO ANY BODY .WE ARE TIRED OF THIS
LIFE.SIR OUR PROBLEM IS ORIGINAL .IF U
WANT ANY PROOVE OR U WANT TO ASK ANY QUESTION
THEN U CAN. SIR PLEASE REPLY.
THANKYOU
KHADIJA TUL QUBRA
Posted by: khadija (1 comments) at May 21, 2005 9:48 AM
Zakat,Sadqah,Khairat all is about helping other Humans
The term Zakat and Sadqah is particular for muslims ,plus Syeds re not allowed to take zakat and sadqah as they are from family of prophet(SAW).
One can give khairat to non-muslims.My family used to give money(charity) to our christian maasi.Its not forbidden.The whole purpose is to help needy people regardless of their faith and it can be done by any mean.So dont get confused rather giving impression that Islam permits charity for muslims only
And that is why I don’t discriminate on the basis of religion when giving Zakat
Indeed you lack to make different between above mentioned terms grin
Posted by: Adnan Siddiqi (9 comments) at September 1, 2006 2:46 PM
Adnan: I am not confusing anything. In fact, I clarified the difference between Zakat and other charity.
Posted by: Zack (1792 comments) at September 2, 2006 3:44 PM | PGP Sig
ASALAAM ALAIKUM ALLS
MY NAME IS :SYED MUZAFFAR HUSSAIN RAZVI
FROM INDIA IN HYDERABAD
MY AGE IS 23 MALE
I AM MARRIED I HAVE A MONEY PRB PLEASE ALL PEOPLE
HELP ME ONLY 20 US DOLLER
MY BANK NAME :ANDHRA BANK
ACCOUNT NUMBER.901647
THIS IS MY HOMEE ADDRESS #4-10-181/A/41 RAJENDHRA NAGAR ROAD
PAHADE QAYAM NAGAR
H.NO, 4-10-181/A/41 RAJENDHRA NAGAR ROAD PAHADE
QAYAM NAGAR
THANKS YOU ALLS FRIENDS AND MOTHERS
FATHER SISTER HELPING POOR MUSLIM
Posted by: MUZAFFAR HUSSAIN (1 comments) at February 6, 2008 5:16 AM
Your claim that zakat is not barred to non-Muslims (Kufir/Infidel) in the Qur’an has me puzzled, surely when Muhammad and Allah say that Muslims are not to befriend such people, that proscription is implicit?
The Qur’an states, under Sura 5:54, “O believers, take not Jews and Christians as friends; they are friends of each other. Those of you who make them his friends is one of them.”, under 8:39, “Make war on them until idolatry is no more and Allah’s religion reigns supreme.”, under 9:123, “Believers: Make war on the infidels who dwell around you. Let them find harshness in you.”, under 2:191, “Slay them wherever ye find them and drive them out of the places whence they drove you out.”, Fighting is obligatory for you, much as you dislike it.”.
In Sura 9:123, specifically, it entreaties Muslims to, “Let them find harshness in you.” Surely giving alms/charity to such people is running counter to Qur’anic teaching?
Your article leaves me puzzled - please enlighten me.
Posted by: Larry (1 comments) at August 2, 2008 3:50 PM
Larry: Those Quranic verses you refer to were for specific enemies of Islam and Muslims during the era of Muhammad. They do not apply to all people who are not Muslim.
Posted by: Zack (1792 comments) at August 26, 2008 12:13 PM
Post a comment
Note: Disagreements are welcome, but please keep it civil. Any comments full of hatred, bigotry, trolling or spam will be deleted and the commenter banned. Do read the commenting policy.
Valid XHTML: You have to preview your comment to make sure that it is valid XHTML 1.1. You will see the "Post" button on the preview page.
Urdu: To comment in Urdu, include "p[ur](urdu). " (with a space at the end and without the quotes) at the start of every Urdu paragraph. If you want to write an Urdu word(s) in an English paragraph, do it like this: %[ur](urdu)اردو%. If you want to put an English word(s) in an Urdu paragraph, write it like this: %[en](en)English words%.
PGP Signing: PGP-signed comments are encouraged. However, clearsigning Urdu text with GPGshell produces garbage.
MathML: Select the Textile with itex to MathML text filter. What you'll use is itex, which is a superset of WebTeX and differs somewhat from standard LaTeX.
Text Filters: For regular comments, whether in English or Urdu, keep the text filter setting to its default of Textile 2. Change it to Textile with itex to MathML when writing MathML.

Interesting… In modern times, I am not aware of any such restrictions on Catholics.